Ubwoko bushya bwa bateri bukozwe muri polimeri zitwara amashanyarazi—muri rusange plastike—bushobora gufasha mu gutuma ububiko bw’ingufu ku rukuta buhendutse kandi buramba, bigatuma ingufu zishobora kongera gukoreshwa cyane.
Bateri, zakozwe n'ikigo gishya cyo muri BostonPolyJoule, ishobora gutanga ubundi buryo buhendutse kandi burambye bwo kubika amashanyarazi aturuka ahantu hatandukanye nko mu muyaga n'izuba.
Iyi kompanyi ubu irimo kugaragaza ibicuruzwa byayo bya mbere. PolyJoule yubatse utugari turenga 18.000 inashyiraho umushinga muto w'igerageza ikoresheje ibikoresho bihendutse kandi biboneka ahantu henshi.
Polymeri ziyobora amashanyarazi PolyJoule ikoresha muri electrode zayo za bateri zisimbura lithiyumu n'icyuma gikunze kuboneka muri bateri. Binyuze mu gukoresha ibikoresho bishobora gukorwa byoroshye hakoreshejwe imiti ikoreshwa mu nganda iboneka henshi, PolyJoule yirindagukurura ibikoreshoibikoresho bireba imbere nka lithiyumu.
PolyJoule yatangijwe n'abarimu ba MIT Tim Swager na Ian Hunter, basanze polimeri zitwara umuriro zifata umwanya mu kubika ingufu. Zishobora kubika umuriro igihe kirekire no kongera umuriro vuba. Zirakora neza, bivuze ko zibika igice kinini cy'amashanyarazi yinjiramo. Kubera ko ari pulasitiki, ibikoresho birahendutse cyane kubikora kandi birakomeye, bikomeza kubyimba no gucika intege biba muri batiri iyo ishyushya kandi isohora umuriro.
Imbogamizi imwe ikomeye niubucucike bw'ingufu.Ibikoresho bya bateri binini inshuro ebyiri cyangwa eshanu ugereranyije na sisitemu ya lithium-ion ifite ubushobozi bumwe, bityo isosiyete yafashe icyemezo cy'uko ikoranabuhanga ryayo rikwiriye gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye nko kubika amashanyarazi kurusha mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga cyangwa mu modoka, nk'uko bivugwa n'umuyobozi mukuru wa PolyJoule, Eli Paster.
Ariko bitandukanye na bateri za lithium-ion zikoreshwa muri icyo gikorwa ubu, sisitemu za PolyJoule ntizisaba sisitemu zikora zo kugenzura ubushyuhe kugira ngo zirebe ko zidashyuha cyane cyangwa ngo zifate umuriro, nk'uko Paster abivuga. “Turashaka gukora bateri ikomeye cyane kandi ihendutse ijya ahantu hose. Ushobora kuyikubita ahantu hose kandi ntugomba kuyihangayikishwa.”
Polima zitwara ingufu zishobora kuba ingenzi mu kubika amashanyarazi, ariko niba ibyo bizaterwa n’uburyo ikigo gishobora kongera ikoranabuhanga ryacyo vuba, ndetse n’igiciro cya batiri, nk’uko bivugwa na Susan Babinec, uyobora gahunda yo kubika ingufu muri Argonne National Lab.
Bimweubushakashatsibigaragaza ko ari $20 kuri kilowati imwe y'isaha yo kubikamo nk'intego y'igihe kirekire yadufasha kugera ku gukoresha ingufu zisubiramo 100%. Ni intambwe ikomeye ku zindi nzirabateri zo kubika gridbibanda kuri byo. Form Energy, ikora batiri z’icyuma zikoresha umwuka, ivuga ko ishobora kugera kuri iyo ntego mu myaka iri imbere.
PolyJoule ishobora kutabona ikiguziicyo giciro gitoPaster yemeza ko ubu igamije kubika ibintu ku giciro cya $65 kuri kilowati-saa imwe, ikeka ko abakiriya b’inganda n’ibigo by’amashanyarazi bashobora kuba biteguye kwishyura icyo giciro kuko ibicuruzwa bigomba kumara igihe kirekire kandi byoroshye kandi bihendutse kubifata neza.
Paster avuga ko kugeza ubu, iyi sosiyete yibanze ku kubaka ikoranabuhanga ryoroshye gukora. Ikoresha ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bikomoka ku mazi kandi igakoresha imashini ziboneka ku isoko kugira ngo iteranye uturemangingo twayo twa bateri, bityo ntikenera imiterere yihariye rimwe na rimwe isabwa mu gukora bateri.
Ntibiramenyekana neza icyo bateri izatsinda mu kubika ibyuma. Ariko plastiki za PolyJoule bivuze ko habonetse amahitamo mashya.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: 22 Mata 2022