Amashanyarazi ya Scooter
Batare ni moteri yawe ya moteri "igitoro cya peteroli."Irabika ingufu zikoreshwa na moteri ya DC, amatara, umugenzuzi, nibindi bikoresho.

Scooters nyinshi zamashanyarazi zizaba zifite ubwoko bwa batiri ya lithium ion bitewe nubucucike bwayo bwiza no kuramba.Ibimoteri byinshi byamashanyarazi kubana nubundi buryo buhendutse burimo bateri ya aside-aside.Muri scooter, ipaki ya batiri ikozwe muri selile na electronics bita sisitemu yo gucunga bateri ituma ikora neza.
Amapaki manini ya batiri afite ubushobozi bwinshi, apimwa mumasaha ya watt, kandi azareka icyuma cyamashanyarazi kigenda kure.Ariko, bongera kandi ubunini nuburemere bwa scooter - bigatuma bitagenda neza.Byongeye kandi, bateri nimwe mubintu bihenze cyane bya scooter kandi muri rusange ibiciro byiyongera bikwiranye.

Ubwoko bwa Bateri
Ibikoresho bya batiri ya e-scooter bikozwe muri selile nyinshi za bateri.By'umwihariko, bikozwe muri selile 18650, ubunini bwa bateri ya litiro ion (Li-Ion) ifite 18 mm x 65 mm ya silindrike.

Buri selile 18650 mumapaki ya bateri ntago ishimishije - itanga amashanyarazi ya ~ 3,6 volt (nominal) kandi ifite ubushobozi bwamasaha agera kuri 2.6 amp (2.6 A · h) cyangwa amasaha 9.4 watt (9.4 Wh).

Ingirabuzimafatizo zikoreshwa kuva kuri 3.0 volt (kwishyuza 0%) kugeza kuri 4.2 volt (kwishyurwa 100%).

Litiyumu Ion
Bateri ya Li-Ion ifite ubwinshi bwingufu, ubwinshi bwingufu zibitswe kuburemere bwumubiri.Bafite kandi kuramba cyane bivuze ko bashobora gusezererwa no kwishyurwa cyangwa "gusiganwa ku magare" inshuro nyinshi kandi bagakomeza ubushobozi bwabo bwo kubika.

Li-ion mubyukuri bivuga chemisties nyinshi za batiri zirimo lithium ion.Dore urutonde rugufi hepfo:

Litiyumu manganese oxyde (LiMn2O4);aka: IMR, LMO, Li-manganese
Nikel ya Litiyumu manganese (LiNiMnCoO2);aka INR, NMC
Litiyumu nikel cobalt aluminium oxyde (LiNiCoAlO2);aka NCA, Li-aluminium
Litiyumu nikel cobalt oxyde (LiCoO2);aka NCO
Litiyumu cobalt oxyde (LiCoO2);aka ICR, LCO, Li-cobalt
Litiyumu ya fosifate (LiFePO4);aka IFR, LFP, Li-fosifate
Buri kimwe muri ibi bikoresho bya batiri byerekana ubucuruzi hagati yumutekano, kuramba, ubushobozi, nibisohoka ubu.

Litiyumu Manganese (INR, NMC)
Kubwamahirwe, ibimoteri byinshi byamashanyarazi bikoresha chimie ya batiri ya INR - imwe mumiti yizewe.Iyi bateri itanga ubushobozi bwinshi nibisohoka bigezweho.Kubaho kwa manganese bigabanya kurwanya imbere ya bateri, bigatuma umusaruro mwinshi mugihe ukomeza ubushyuhe buke.Kubwibyo, ibi bigabanya amahirwe yo guhunga umuriro numuriro.

Ibimashini bimwe byamashanyarazi hamwe na chimie ya INR harimo WePed GT 50e na moderi ya Dualtron.

Acide-aside
Iside-aside ni chimie ya batiri ishaje cyane ikunze kuboneka mumodoka hamwe nibinyabiziga binini byamashanyarazi, nka karitsiye ya golf.Basanga kandi muri scooters zimwe z'amashanyarazi;cyane cyane, ibimoteri byabana bihendutse mubigo nka Razor.

Bateri ya aside-aside ifite inyungu zo kuba zidahenze, ariko zibabazwa no kugira ingufu nke cyane, bivuze ko zipima cyane ugereranije nimbaraga zibika.Ugereranije, bateri ya Li-ion ifite ingufu zingana na 10X ugereranije na batiri ya aside-aside.

Amapaki
Kugirango wubake ipaki ya batiri ifite amasaha magana cyangwa ibihumbi byamasaha yubushobozi, selile nyinshi za 18650 Li-ion ziteranijwe hamwe muburyo busa namatafari.Amapaki ameze nkamatafari arakurikiranwa kandi akagengwa numuyoboro wa elegitoronike witwa sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS), igenzura imigendekere yamashanyarazi muri bateri no hanze.
Ingirabuzimafatizo kugiti cya bateri zahujwe murukurikirane (iherezo kugeza ku ndunduro) igereranya voltage yabo.Nuburyo bushoboka kugira ibimoteri bifite 36 V, 48 V, 52 V, 60 V, cyangwa nibipaki nini ya batiri.

Iyi mitwe kugiti cye (bateri nyinshi murukurikirane) noneho ihuzwa murwego rwo kongera umusaruro ugezweho.

Muguhindura umubare wutugingo ngengabihe hamwe na parallel, abakora ibimoteri byamashanyarazi barashobora kongera ingufu za voltage cyangwa max current na amp isaha yubushobozi.

Guhindura iboneza rya batiri ntabwo bizongera ingufu zose zabitswe, ariko biremerera neza bateri gutanga intera nini na voltage yo hasi naho ubundi.

Umuvuduko na% Ibisigaye
Buri selile iri mumapaki ya batiri ikorwa kuva kuri 3.0 volt (kwishyuza 0%) kugeza kuri volt 4.2 (kwishyurwa 100%).

Ibi bivuze ko ipaki ya batiri 36 V, (hamwe na bateri 10 zikurikiranye) ikorwa kuva 30 V (0% yishyurwa) kugeza kuri volt 42 (kwishyurwa 100%).Urashobora kubona uburyo% isigaye ihuye na voltage ya bateri (scooters zimwe zerekana ibi muburyo butaziguye) kuri buri bwoko bwa bateri mubishushanyo mbonera bya batiri.

Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi
Buri bateri igiye guhura nikibazo cyitwa voltage sag.

Umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi uterwa n'ingaruka nyinshi, zirimo chimiya ya lithium-ion, ubushyuhe, hamwe no kurwanya amashanyarazi.Burigihe bivamo imyitwarire itari umurongo wa voltage ya bateri.

Mugihe umutwaro ushyizwe kuri bateri, voltage izahita igabanuka.Ingaruka zirashobora kuganisha ku kugereranya nabi ubushobozi bwa bateri.Niba wasomaga mu buryo butaziguye voltage ya batiri, wagira ngo wahise utakaza 10% yubushobozi bwawe cyangwa burenga.

Umutwaro umaze gukurwaho ingufu za bateri izagaruka kurwego rwukuri.

Umuvuduko wa voltage ubaho kandi mugihe cyo gusohora bateri igihe kirekire (nko mugihe kirekire).Chimie ya lithium muri bateri ifata igihe kugirango ifate igipimo cyo gusohora.Ibi birashobora gutuma ingufu za bateri zigabanuka cyane mugihe umurizo urangije urugendo rurerure.

Niba bateri yemerewe kuruhuka, izasubira murwego rwukuri kandi rwukuri rwa voltage.

Ibipimo byubushobozi
Ubushobozi bwa batiri ya E-scooter irapimwe mubice byamasaha ya watt (mu magambo ahinnye Wh), igipimo cyingufu.Iki gice kiroroshye kubyumva.Kurugero, bateri ifite 1 Wh igipimo kibika ingufu zihagije zo gutanga watt imwe yingufu kumasaha imwe.

Ubushobozi bwingufu nyinshi bisobanura amasaha menshi ya bateri ya watt bisobanura kurwego rurerure rwamashanyarazi, kubunini bwa moteri.Impuzandengo ya scooter izaba ifite ubushobozi bwa 250 Wh kandi ikabasha gukora ibirometero 10 ku kigereranyo cya kilometero 15 mu isaha.Scooters ikora cyane irashobora kugira ubushobozi bugera kumasaha ibihumbi ya watt kandi ikagera kuri kilometero 60.

Ibirango bya Batiri
Ingirabuzimafatizo ya Li-ion kugiti cya e-scooter yamashanyarazi ikorwa nintoki nkeya mubigo bitandukanye bizwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga.Ingirabuzimafatizo nziza cyane zakozwe na LG, Samsung, Panasonic, na Sanyo.Ubu bwoko bwa selile bukunda kuboneka gusa mumapaki ya bateri ya scooters yohejuru.

Ingengo yimari myinshi ningendo zitwara abagenzi zifite paki ya batiri ikozwe muri selile rusange yakozwe nabashinwa, itandukanye cyane mubwiza.

Itandukaniro riri hagati ya scooters hamwe na selile ziranga hamwe nubushinwa rusange ni garanti nini yo kugenzura ubuziranenge hamwe nibirango byashyizweho.Niba ibyo bitari mu ngengo yimari yawe, noneho menya neza ko ugura scooter kumasosiyete azwi ukoresha ibice byiza kandi afite ingamba nziza zo kugenzura ubuziranenge (QC).

Ingero zimwe zamasosiyete ashobora kuba afite QC nziza ni Xiaomi na Segway.

Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri
Nubwo Li-ion 18650 selile zifite inyungu zitangaje, ntabwo zibabarira kurusha ubundi buryo bwa tekinoroji ya batiri kandi irashobora guturika iyo ikoreshejwe nabi.Niyo mpanvu bahora hafi bateranijwe mumapaki ya batiri afite sisitemu yo gucunga bateri.

Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS) nikintu cya elegitoroniki gikurikirana ipaki ya batiri kandi ikagenzura kwishyuza no gusohora.Batteri ya Li-ion yagenewe gukora hagati ya 2,5 na 4.0 V. Kwishyuza birenze cyangwa gusohora burundu birashobora kugabanya igihe cya bateri cyangwa bigatera impanuka ziterwa nubushyuhe.BMS igomba kwirinda kwishyurwa birenze.BMS nyinshi nayo igabanya ingufu mbere yuko bateri isohoka neza kugirango urambe.Nubwo bimeze gurtyo, abatwara ibinyabiziga benshi baracyafite bateri batigeze bayisohora byuzuye kandi banakoresha charger zidasanzwe kugirango bagenzure neza umuvuduko wumuriro nubunini.

Sisitemu zo gucunga neza bateri nazo zizagenzura ubushyuhe bwipaki kandi bitume uhagarara niba ubushyuhe bukabije bubaye.

C-igipimo
Niba ukora ubushakashatsi kubijyanye no kwishyuza bateri, birashoboka ko uzahura na C-igipimo.C-igipimo gisobanura uburyo bateri yishyurwa byihuse cyangwa isohotse.Kurugero, C-igipimo cya 1C bivuze ko bateri yishyuye mumasaha imwe, 2C bivuze ko byuzuye mumasaha 0.5, naho 0.5C bivuze ko byuzuye mumasaha abiri.Niba wishyuye byuzuye bateri 100 A · h ukoresheje 100 Umuyoboro, byatwara isaha imwe na C-igipimo cyaba 1C.

Ubuzima bwa Batteri
Batiyeri isanzwe ya Li-ion izashobora gutwara 300 kugeza 500 kwishyuza / gusohora mbere yo kugabanuka mubushobozi.Kugereranya ikigereranyo cyamashanyarazi, iyi ni kilometero 3000 kugeza 10 000!Wibuke ko "kugabanuka mubushobozi" bidasobanura "gutakaza ubushobozi bwose," ariko bivuze kugabanuka kugaragara kwa 10 kugeza kuri 20% bizakomeza kuba bibi.

Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri igezweho ifasha kuramba igihe cya bateri kandi ntugomba guhangayikishwa cyane no kubyara.

Ariko, niba ushishikajwe no kurambura ubuzima bwa bateri bishoboka, hari ibintu bimwe ushobora gukora kugirango urenge 500.Muri byo harimo:

Ntukabike scooter yawe yuzuye cyangwa hamwe na charger yacometse mugihe kirekire.
Ntukabike scooter yamashanyarazi yasohotse neza.Batteri ya Li-ion itesha agaciro iyo igabanutse munsi ya 2.5 V. Ababikora benshi barasaba kubika ibimoteri hamwe na 50% byishyuwe, hanyuma bikabishyira hejuru kururu rwego mugihe cyo kubika igihe kirekire.
Ntugakoreshe bateri ya scooter mubushyuhe buri munsi ya 32 F ° cyangwa hejuru ya 113 F °.
Kwishyuza scooter yawe kuri C-igipimo cyo hasi, bivuze kwishyuza bateri ku gipimo gito ugereranije nubushobozi bwayo ntarengwa bwo kubungabunga / kuzamura ubuzima bwa bateri.Kwishyuza kuri C-igipimo kiri munsi ya 1 nibyiza.Bimwe mubikoresho bya fancier cyangwa umuvuduko mwinshi ureke ugenzure ibi.
Wige byinshi kubyerekeranye no kwishyuza amashanyarazi.

Incamake

Ibyingenzi byingenzi hano ntabwo ukoresha nabi bateri kandi bizaramba ubuzima bwingirakamaro bwa scooter.Twumva abantu b'ingeri zose kubijyanye n'amashanyarazi yamenetse kandi ni gake ikibazo cya bateri!