Batteri ya lithium ion yumuriro ikoreshwa mugukoresha ingufu za elegitoronike mubuzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, kuva mudasobwa zigendanwa na terefone zigendanwa kugeza kumodoka.Batteri ya lithium ion ku isoko muri iki gihe ubusanzwe ishingiye ku gisubizo cyamazi, cyitwa electrolyte, hagati ya selire.

Iyo bateri ikoresha igikoresho, ion ya lithium iva kumpera zashizwemo nabi, cyangwa anode, binyuze mumazi ya electrolyte, ikagera kumpera nziza, cyangwa cathode.Iyo bateri irimo kwishyurwa, ion zitemba zindi nzira kuva cathode, binyuze muri electrolyte, kuri anode.

Batteri ya Litiyumu ion yishingikiriza kuri electrolytite yamazi ifite ikibazo gikomeye cyumutekano: irashobora gufata umuriro mugihe ikabije cyangwa izengurutse mugihe gito.Ubundi buryo bwizewe bwamazi ya electrolytite ni ukubaka bateri ikoresha electrolyte ikomeye kugirango itware lithium ion hagati ya anode na cathode.

Nyamara, ubushakashatsi bwibanze bwerekanye ko electrolyte ikomeye yatumye imikurire mito mito, yitwa dendrite, yakubaka kuri anode mugihe bateri yatwaraga.Izi dendrites zigufi zizunguruka bateri kumuyoboro muke, bigatuma idakoreshwa.

Gukura kwa Dendrite bitangirira ku nenge ntoya muri electrolyte kumupaka uri hagati ya electrolyte na anode.Abahanga mu Buhinde baherutse kuvumbura uburyo bwo gutinda gukura kwa dendrite.Mugushyiramo icyuma cyoroshye hagati ya electrolyte na anode, barashobora guhagarika dendrite gukura muri anode.

Abashakashatsi bahisemo kwiga aluminium na tungsten ibyuma bishoboka kugirango bubake iki cyuma cyoroshye.Ibi ni ukubera ko yaba aluminium cyangwa tungsten ivanze, cyangwa ibivanze, hamwe na lithium.Abahanga bemezaga ko ibyo bizagabanya amahirwe yo kwibeshya muri lithium.Niba icyuma cyatoranijwe cyaravanze na lithium, lithium nkeya ishobora kwimuka mugice cyicyuma mugihe runaka.Ibi byasiga ubwoko bwinenge bwitwa icyuho muri lithium aho dendrite ishobora noneho gushingwa.

Kugirango hamenyekane neza imikorere yicyuma, hateranijwe ubwoko butatu bwa bateri: imwe ifite urwego ruto rwa aluminiyumu hagati ya lithium anode na electrolyte ikomeye, imwe ifite urwego ruto rwa tungsten, nimwe idafite icyuma.

Mbere yo gupima bateri, abahanga bakoresheje microscope ifite ingufu nyinshi, bita scanning electron microscope, kugirango barebe neza imipaka iri hagati ya anode na electrolyte.Babonye icyuho gito nu mwobo murugero rudafite icyuma, bavuga ko izo nenge zishobora kuba ahantu dendrite ikurira.Batteri zombi zifite aluminium na tungsten zasaga neza kandi zikomeza.

Mu igeragezwa ryambere, amashanyarazi ahoraho yazengurutswe muri buri bateri amasaha 24.Batare idafite icyuma kigufi yazengurutse ikananirwa mu masaha 9 yambere, birashoboka bitewe no gukura kwa dendrite.Ntabwo bateri ifite aluminium cyangwa tungsten yananiwe muri ubu bushakashatsi bwambere.

Kugirango hamenyekane icyuma cyiza muguhagarika imikurire ya dendrite, ubundi bushakashatsi bwakorewe kuri aluminium na tungsten gusa.Muri ubu bushakashatsi, bateri yazengurutswe binyuze mu kongera ubucucike buriho, guhera ku ikoreshwa ryakoreshejwe mu bushakashatsi bwabanje kandi ikiyongera ku gipimo gito kuri buri ntambwe.

Ubucucike buriho aho bateri yazengurutswe byizerwaga ko aribwo bucucike bukomeye bwo gukura kwa dendrite.Batiyeri ifite aluminiyumu yananiwe inshuro eshatu gutangira, kandi bateri ifite tungsten layer yananiwe inshuro zirenga eshanu zitangira.Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana ko tungsten yarushije aluminium.

Na none kandi, abahanga bakoresheje microscope yogusuzuma kugirango barebe imipaka iri hagati ya anode na electrolyte.Babonye ko icyuho cyatangiye kuboneka mubyuma kuri bibiri bya gatatu byubucucike bukomeye bwapimwe mubushakashatsi bwabanje.Nyamara, icyuho nticyari gihari kuri kimwe cya gatatu cyubucucike bugezweho.Ibi byemeje ko gushiraho ubusa bigenda bikura dendrite.

Abahanga bahise babara kubara kugirango basobanukirwe nuburyo lithium ikorana nibyuma, bakoresheje ibyo tuzi kubyerekeranye na tungsten na aluminiyumu bitabira ingufu nihindagurika ryubushyuhe.Berekanye ko ibice bya aluminiyumu bifite amahirwe menshi yo guteza imbere ubusa iyo bikorana na lithium.Gukoresha iyi mibare byakoroha guhitamo ubundi bwoko bwicyuma kugirango ugerageze ejo hazaza.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko bateri zikomeye za electrolyte zizewe cyane iyo hiyongereyeho icyuma cyoroshye hagati ya electrolyte na anode.Abahanga kandi berekanye ko guhitamo icyuma kimwe kurindi, muriki gihe tungsten aho kuba aluminium, bishobora gutuma bateri zimara igihe kirekire.Kunoza imikorere yubwoko bwa bateri bizabatera intambwe imwe yo gusimbuza bateri ya electrolyte yamazi yaka cyane kumasoko uyumunsi.