Mu 2022, igipimo cy'izamuka ryaububiko bw'ingufu mu mazuMu Burayi hari 71%, hamwe n’ubushobozi bw’inyongera bwa 3.9 GWh n’ubushobozi bw’inyongera bwa 9.3 GWh. Ubudage, Ubutaliyani, Ubwongereza, na Otirishiya byaje ku mwanya wa mbere mu masoko ane afite 1.54 GWh, 1.1 GWh, 0.29 GWh, na 0.22 GWh, uko bikurikirana.

Mu gihembwe cyo hagati, biteganijwe ko ikoreshwa rishya ry’ingufu mu ngo mu Burayi rizagera kuri 4.5 GWh mu 2023, 5.1 GWh mu 2024, 6.0 GWh mu 2025, na 7.3 GWh mu 2026. Polonye, ​​Esipanye na Suwede ni amasoko ari kuzamuka afite ubushobozi bwinshi.

Biteganyijwe ko mu 2026, ubushobozi bushya bwo gushyiramo ingufu buri mwaka mu karere k'i Burayi buzagera kuri 7.3 GWh, hamwe n'ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo ingufu bungana na 32.2 GWh. Mu gihe cy'izamuka ry'ingufu, mu mpera za 2026, urwego rw'ingufu zo mu ngo mu Burayi rushobora kugera kuri 44.4 GWh, mu gihe mu gihe cy'izamuka rike, ruzaba 23.2 GWh. Ubudage, Ubutaliyani, Polonye, ​​na Suwede bizaba ibihugu bine bya mbere muri ibyo bihugu byombi.

Icyitonderwa: Amakuru n'isesengura biri muri iyi nkuru byakuwe mu "Ishusho y'Isoko ry'Ingufu zo mu Miturire y'i Burayi rya 2022-2026" ryasohotse n'Ishyirahamwe ry'Inganda z'Uburayi zikora ifotovoltaic mu Kuboza 2022.

Uko isoko ry'ububiko bw'ingufu mu mazu y'ubumwe bw'ibihugu by'uburayi ryagenze mu 2022

Uko isoko ry’ingufu zo mu mazu y’i Burayi rihagaze mu 2022: Nk’uko bivugwa n’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zikora imashini zipima urumuri (photovoltaic industry Association), mu gihe cy’imyaka iri hagati, biteganyijwe ko ubushobozi bwo kubika ingufu mu mazu y’i Burayi buzagera kuri 3.9 GWh mu 2022, bikaba bigaragaza ko 71% by’izamuka ry’ingufu ugereranije n’umwaka ushize, aho ubushobozi bwo kubika ingufu bungana na 9.3 GWh. Iyi gahunda ikomeje kwiyongera kuva mu 2020 aho isoko ry’ingufu zo mu mazu y’i Burayi ryageze kuri 1 GWh, rigakurikirwa na 2.3 GWh mu 2021, bikaba ari ukwiyongera kwa 107% ugereranyije n’umwaka. Mu 2022, amazu arenga miliyoni imwe y’i Burayi yashyizeho uburyo bwo kubika ingufu za photovoltaic n’ingufu.

Iterambere ry’ibikoresho bikwirakwiza ingufu z’amashanyarazi ari ryo shingiro ry’iterambere ry’isoko ry’ingufu mu ngo. Imibare igaragaza ko igipimo mpuzandengo cy’uburyo bwo kubika ingufu mu ngo n’uburyo bwo kubika ingufu z’amashanyarazi mu Burayi cyazamutse kiva kuri 23% mu 2020 kigera kuri 27% mu 2021.

Izamuka ry’ibiciro by’amashanyarazi mu mazu ryabaye impamvu ikomeye yatumye ububiko bw’ingufu mu mazu bwiyongera. Ikibazo cy’ingufu cyatewe n’amakimbirane hagati y’Uburusiya na Ukraine cyarushijeho kuzamura ibiciro by’amashanyarazi mu Burayi, bitera impungenge ku mutekano w’ingufu, ibyo bikaba byarateje imbere isoko ry’ububiko bw’ingufu mu mazu y’i Burayi.

Iyo hataba hari ikibazo cy’ibura ry’abakoresha bateri n’abakoresha bashya, ibyo bikaba byaragabanyije amahirwe yo guhaza ibyifuzo by’abakiriya ndetse bigatera gutinda mu gushyiraho ibicuruzwa mu gihe cy’amezi menshi, iterambere ry’isoko ryashoboraga kuba rinini kurushaho.

Mu 2020,ububiko bw'ingufu mu mazuSisitemu ziherutse kugaragara ku ikarita y’ingufu mu Burayi, zifite intambwe ebyiri z’ingenzi: gushyiraho bwa mbere ingufu zirenga GWh 1 mu mwaka umwe no gushyiraho sisitemu zisaga 100.000 zo kubika ingufu mu ngo mu gace kamwe.

Uko isoko ry'ububiko bw'ingufu mu mazu rihagaze: Ubutaliyani

Iterambere ry'isoko ry'ingufu zo mu mazu y'i Burayi rishingiye cyane cyane ku bihugu bike bikomeye. Mu 2021, amasoko atanu ya mbere yo kubika ingufu mu mazu y'i Burayi, harimo Ubudage, Ubutaliyani, Otirishiya, Ubwongereza, n'Ubusuwisi, yari afite 88% by'ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo ingufu. Ubutaliyani bwabaye isoko rya kabiri rinini ryo kubika ingufu mu mazu y'i Burayi kuva mu 2018. Mu 2021, ryabaye isoko ritangaje cyane aho ubushobozi bwo gushyiraho ingufu za megawati 321 buri mwaka, bingana na 11% by'isoko ryose ry'i Burayi, ndetse n'ubwiyongere bwa 240% ugereranije no mu 2020.

Mu 2022, ubushobozi bushya bwo kubika ingufu mu mazu mu Butaliyani bwitezwe ko buzaba burenga GWh 1 ku nshuro ya mbere, bugere kuri 1.1 GWh ku gipimo cy’izamuka rya 246%. Mu gihe cy’izamuka rikomeye, iki gipimo cyateganijwe cyaba 1.56 GWh.

Mu 2023, Ubutaliyani bwitezweho gukomeza iterambere rikomeye. Ariko, nyuma y’ibyo, hamwe n’irangira cyangwa igabanuka ry’ingamba zo gushyigikira nka Sperbonus110%, ishyirwaho rishya ngarukamwaka ry’ububiko bw’ingufu mu mazu mu Butaliyani ntirizamenyekana neza. Nyamara, birashoboka gukomeza gukoresha igipimo cya hafi ya 1 GWh. Dukurikije gahunda z’ikigo gishinzwe gutwara imashini mu Butaliyani TSO Terna, sisitemu 16 zo kubika ingufu mu mazu zizakoreshwa mu 2030.

Uko Isoko ry'Ububiko bw'Ingufu mu Mazu Rihagaze: Ubwongereza

Ubwongereza: Mu 2021, Ubwongereza bwari ku mwanya wa kane bufite ubushobozi bwo gutanga ingufu za megawati 128, buzamuka ku kigero cya 58%.

Mu gihembwe cyo hagati, biteganyijwe ko ubushobozi bushya bwo kubika ingufu mu mazu mu Bwongereza buzagera kuri MWh 288 mu 2022, hamwe n'igipimo cy'izamuka rya 124%. Mu 2026, biteganijwe ko izaba ifite MWh 300 cyangwa ndetse na MWh 326. Mu gihe cy'izamuka rikomeye, hateganijwe gushyirwamo ingufu nshya mu Bwongereza mu 2026 ni MWh 655.

Ariko, bitewe n’ibura ry’ingamba zishyigikira no gutinda gukoresha ibipimo by’amashanyarazi, biteganijwe ko isoko ry’ingufu zo mu rugo mu Bwongereza rizakomeza kwiyongera ku rwego ruriho ubu mu myaka iri imbere. Nk’uko bitangazwa n’ishyirahamwe ry’ingufu zikomoka ku bimera mu Burayi, mu 2026, ubushobozi bwo gushyiramo ingufu mu Bwongereza buzaba ari 1.3 GWh mu gihe cy’izamuka rike, 1.8 GWh mu gihe cy’izamuka rike, na 2.8 GWh mu gihe cy’izamuka rike.

Uko isoko ry’ingufu zibikwa mu mazu rihagaze: Suwede, Ubufaransa n’Ubuholandi

Suwede: Bitewe n'inkunga, ububiko bw'ingufu mu miturire n'ingufu zikomoka ku mashanyarazi yo mu mazu muri Suwede byakomeje gutera imbere mu buryo buhamye. Biteganijwe ko bizaba ibya kane mu bunini.ububiko bw'ingufu mu mazuisoko mu Burayi bitarenze umwaka wa 2026. Nk’uko Ikigo Mpuzamahanga Gishinzwe Ingufu (IEA) kibitangaza, Suwede niyo soko rinini ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi mu Muryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, aho ifite isoko rya 43% by’igurishwa ry’imodoka nshya zikoresha amashanyarazi mu 2021.

Ubufaransa: Nubwo Ubufaransa ari rimwe mu masoko akomeye y’amashanyarazi akoresha amashanyarazi aturuka kuri photovoltaic mu Burayi, biteganijwe ko buzakomeza kuzamuka mu myaka mike iri imbere bitewe n’ibura ry’ibitera inkunga ndetse n’ibiciro by’amashanyarazi biri hasi cyane. Biteganijwe ko isoko rizazamuka rikava kuri 56 MWh mu 2022 rikagera kuri 148 MWh mu 2026.

Ugereranyije n'ibindi bihugu by'i Burayi bifite ingano nk'iyi, isoko ry'ingufu zo mu rugo rw'Abafaransa riracyari rito cyane ugereranyije n'abaturage baryo miliyoni 67.5.

Ubuholandi: Ubuholandi buracyari isoko rigaragara cyane. Nubwo bufite rimwe mu masoko manini cyane y’amashanyarazi akoresha imirasire y’izuba mu miturire mu Burayi kandi rikaba rifite igipimo cyo hejuru cyane cy’ingufu zikoresha imirasire y’izuba ku muturage ku mugabane, isoko rigizwe ahanini na politiki yabwo yo gupima imirasire y’izuba mu miturire.