Ku modoka ikoresha amashanyarazi gusa

Bateri z'amashanyarazi ni zo zihenze cyane

Ni ikintu cy'ingenzi kandi bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwa bateri

Kandi imvugo ivuga ko "gusharija vuba" ibabaza bateri

Binatuma abantu benshi bafite imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi bashobora

byateye gushidikanya

None se ukuri ni ukuhe?

01
Gusobanukirwa neza inzira yo "gutanga charge vuba"

Mbere yo gusubiza iki kibazo, byaba byiza tumenye inzira yo "gushyiramo imbunda vuba". Kuva mu gushyiramo imbunda kugeza mu gushyushya, intambwe ebyiri zisa n'izoroshye zihishe urukurikirane rw'intambwe zikenewe inyuma yayo:

Iyo umutwe w'imbunda isharira uhujwe n'inkombe y'ikinyabiziga, ikirundo cyo gusharira kizatanga ingufu za DC zifasha imodoka zikoresha voltage nkeya ku nkombe y'ikinyabiziga kugira ngo zikore BMS yubatswemo (sisitemu yo gucunga batiri) y'ikinyabiziga gikoresha amashanyarazi. Nyuma yo kuyikoresha, inkombe y'ikinyabiziga n'inkombe y'ikirundo bikora "guherekezana" kugira ngo bihanahane ibipimo by'ibanze byo gusharira nk'imbaraga ntarengwa zo gusharira zisabwa n'inkombe y'ikinyabiziga n'imbaraga ntarengwa zo gutanga umusaruro w'inkombe y'ikirundo.

Nyuma yuko impande zombi zihuye neza, BMS (sisitemu yo gucunga bateri) iri ku mpera y'ikinyabiziga izohereza amakuru ajyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi ku gikoresho cyo gusharija, maze igikoresho cyo gusharija kizongerere ingufu zisohoka n'umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi hakurikijwe amakuru, hanyuma gitangire gusharija ku mugaragaro ikinyabiziga.

02
"Gusharija vuba" ntabwo byangiza bateri

Ntabwo bigoye kubona ko inzira yose yo "gushyira ingufu vuba" ku binyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi ari inzira aho impera z'ikinyabiziga n'inkombe z'ikirundo bihuza ibipimo, kandi amaherezo impera z'ikirundo zitanga imbaraga zo gushyira ingufu hakurikijwe ibyo impera z'ikinyabiziga zikeneye. Ibi ni nk'umuntu ufite inyota kandi ukeneye kunywa amazi. Ingano y'amazi yo kunywa n'umuvuduko w'amazi yo kunywa biterwa cyane n'ibyo uwanyoye ubwe akeneye. Birumvikana ko ikirundo cyo gushyira ingufu mu cyuma gishyushya amazi gifite imikorere myinshi yo kurinda imikorere ya bateri. Kubwibyo, muri rusange, "gushyira ingufu vuba" ntibizabangamira bateri.

Mu gihugu cyanjye, hari kandi itegeko rigenga umubare w'imizunguruko y'uturemangingo tw'amashanyarazi, igomba kuba inshuro zirenga 1.000. Urugero, dufashe imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi ifite urugendo rwa kilometero 500, dushingiye ku mizunguruko 1.000 yo gusharija no gusohora umuriro, bivuze ko imodoka ishobora kwiruka kilometero 500.000. Ubusanzwe, imodoka yihariye igera kuri kilometero 200.000 gusa mu gihe cy'ubuzima bwayo. -Kilometero 300.000 zo gutwara. Ubibonye, ​​imbere ya ecran uzakomeza kugorwa no "gusharija vuba".

03
Gusharija mu buryo budakabije no gusohora amazi mu buryo budakabije, bihuza gusharija vuba kandi buhoro

Birumvikana ko ku bakoresha bafite uburenganzira bwo gushyiraho imiyoboro yo gusharija mu rugo, "gusharija buhoro" mu rugo na byo ni amahitamo meza. Byongeye kandi, mu gihe cyo kwerekana kimwe kuri 100%, igihe bateri "isharija buhoro" kizaba kirekire kuri 15% kuruta igihe "isharija vuba". Ibi mu by'ukuri biterwa nuko iyo imodoka "isharija vuba", umuriro uba munini, ubushyuhe bwa bateri buriyongera, kandi uburyo bateri ikoresha chemical reaction ntibuhagije, bigatuma umuntu yumva ko isharija yuzuye, ari byo bita "ingufu za virtual". Kandi "isharija buhoro" kuko umuriro uba muto, bateri ifite igihe gihagije cyo gusubiza, kandi ingaruka ziba nke.

Kubwibyo, mu gihe cyo gusharija buri munsi, ushobora guhitamo uburyo bwo gusharija ukurikije uko ibintu bimeze, kandi ugakurikiza ihame rya "gusharija mu buryo budakabije no gusohora mu buryo budakabije, guhuza gusharija vuba kandi buhoro". Niba ari bateri ya lithium ternary, ni byiza kugumana SOC y'imodoka iri hagati ya 20% na 90%, kandi si ngombwa gukurikirana nkana 100% byuzuye buri gihe. Niba ari bateri ya lithium fer phosphate, ni byiza kuyisharija nibura rimwe mu cyumweru kugira ngo hakosorwe agaciro ka SOC y'imodoka.