Iyo utuye ahantu hafite ikirere kibi cyane cyangwa umuriro uhoraho, ni byiza kugira isoko ry’amashanyarazi ry’inyongera ku nzu yawe. Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw’amashanyarazi y’inyongera ku isoko, ariko buri bumwe bufite intego imwe y’ingenzi: kugumana amatara n’ibikoresho byawe byaka igihe umuriro ubuze.

Umwaka ushobora kuba mwiza wo gusuzuma ingufu ziyongera: Igice kinini cya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru kiri mu kaga ko kuzimya umuriro muri iki gihe cy'impeshyi bitewe n'amapfa akomeje kandi yitezweho ubushyuhe buri hejuru y'ubusanzwe, nk'uko byatangajwe n'ikigo gishinzwe amashanyarazi cya Amerika y'Amajyaruguru ku wa gatatu. Ibice bimwe bya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kuva muri Michigan kugeza ku nkombe y'inyanja ya Gulf, biri mu kaga gakomeye ko kuzimya umuriro birushaho kwiyongera.

Mu bihe byashize, moteri zikoresha lisansi (zizwi kandi nka moteri z’inzu yose) zari ziganje ku isoko ry’amashanyarazi, ariko raporo zivuga ko hashobora kubaho uburozi bwa monoxyde de carbone zatumye benshi bashaka ubundi buryo. Gukoresha bateri byagaragaye ko ari uburyo bwiza kandi bushobora kuba bwiza kurusha moteri zisanzwe.

Nubwo bakora akazi kamwe, bateri zibika batiri na generateri ni ibikoresho bitandukanye. Buri kimwe muri byo ni uruhererekane rwihariye rw'ibyiza n'ibibi, tuzabivugaho mu gitabo gikurikira cyo kugereranya. Komeza usome kugira ngo umenye itandukaniro riri hagati ya bateri zibika batiri na generateri hanyuma uhitemo amahitamo akubereye.

Gusubiza inyuma bateri
Sisitemu zo kubika bateri zo mu rugo, nka Tesla Powerwall cyangwa LG Chem RESU, zibika ingufu, ushobora gukoresha kugira ngo ukoreshe ingufu mu nzu yawe mu gihe habaye ikibazo. Bateri zibika zikoresha amashanyarazi, yaba aturuka ku mirasire y'izuba yo mu rugo rwawe cyangwa ku muyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni nziza cyane ku bidukikije kuruta moteri zikoresha lisansi. Ni nziza kandi ku mufuka wawe.

Ikindi kandi, niba ufite gahunda y'igihe cyo gukoresha umuriro, ushobora gusaba uburyo bwo kubika batiri kugira ngo uzigame amafaranga ku mafaranga y'ingufu zawe. Aho kwishyura amashanyarazi menshi mu masaha yo gukoresha umuriro mwinshi, ushobora gukoresha ingufu zituruka ku bikoresho byawe bya batiri kugira ngo ubone umuriro mu rugo rwawe. Mu masaha atari ay'igihe kinini, ushobora gukoresha amashanyarazi yawe nk'ibisanzwe - ariko ku giciro gito.

Ku rundi ruhande, moteri zikoresha amashanyarazi zihuza n'amashanyarazi yo mu rugo rwawe kandi zigakora mu buryo bwikora iyo umuriro ubuze. Moteri zikoresha lisansi kugira ngo amashanyarazi yawe agume yaka mu gihe habayeho ibura ry'amashanyarazi - akenshi gaze karemano, propane y'amazi cyangwa mazutu. Izindi moteri zifite imiterere ya "double lisansi", bivuze ko zishobora gukora kuri gaze karemano cyangwa propane y'amazi.

Imashini zimwe na zimwe zitanga gazi karemano na propane zishobora guhuzwa n'umuyoboro wa gazi wo mu rugo rwawe cyangwa ikigega cya propane, bityo nta mpamvu yo kuzishyiramo intoki. Ariko, imashini zitanga gazi zigomba kongerwamo umwuka kugira ngo zikomeze gukora.

Gusubiza inyuma batiri ugereranije na generator: Bigereranywa bite?
Ibiciro
Ku bijyanye n'ikiguzi,gufunga baterini amahitamo ahenze cyane mbere y'igihe. Ariko moteri zitanga lisansi zikenera lisansi kugira ngo zikore, bivuze ko uzamara igihe kinini ukomeza gutanga lisansi mu buryo buhoraho.

Ukoresheje batiri, uzakenera kwishyura mbere na mbere sisitemu yo kuzigama batiri, ndetse n'ikiguzi cyo kuzishyiraho (buri kimwe muri byo kiri mu bihumbi). Ibiciro nyabyo bizatandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bwa batiri uhisemo n'ingano yazo ukeneye kugira ngo ukoreshe umuriro mu rugo rwawe. Ariko, ni ibisanzwe ko sisitemu isanzwe yo kuzigama batiri zo mu rugo ikora hagati ya $10,000 na $20,000.

Ku byuma bitanga moteri, ikiguzi cyo gutangira kiri hasi gato. Ugereranyije, igiciro cyo kugura no gushyiraho moteri ihoraho gishobora kuva ku madolari 7.000 kugeza ku madolari 15.000. Ariko, ibuka ko moteri zisaba lisansi kugira ngo zikore, ibyo bikazongera amafaranga ukoresha mu mikorere yawe. Ikiguzi cyihariye kizaterwa n'ibintu bike, harimo ingano ya moteri yawe, ubwoko bwa lisansi ikoresha n'ingano ya lisansi ikoreshwa mu kuyikoresha.

Gushyiramo
Gushyiramo bateri mu mwanya wabyo bigira akamaro gato muri iki cyiciro kuko bishobora gushyirwa ku rukuta cyangwa hasi, mu gihe gushyiraho generator bisaba akazi k'inyongera. Uko byagenda kose, uzakenera guha akazi umuhanga mu gushyiraho ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'ibikoresho, byombi bizasaba umunsi wose w'akazi kandi bishobora gutwara ibihumbi byinshi by'amadolari.

Uretse gushyiraho igikoresho ubwacyo, gushyiraho generator bisaba no gusuka icyuma gikozwe muri beto, guhuza generator n'isoko ryihariye rya lisansi no gushyiraho icyuma gihindura amashanyarazi.

Gusana
Gusubiza inyuma batiri ni byo byatsinze muri iki cyiciro. Bituje, bikorera ku giti cyabyo, ntibitanga imyuka ihumanya kandi ntibisaba ko habaho kubungabunga.

Ku rundi ruhande, moteri zishobora kugira urusaku rwinshi no guhungabanya igihe zikoreshwa. Zisohora kandi imyuka cyangwa umwotsi, bitewe n'ubwoko bw'amavuta zikoresha mu gukoresha - bishobora kubabaza wowe cyangwa abaturanyi bawe.

Gukomeza gukoresha ingufu mu rugo rwawe

Ku bijyanye n'igihe bashobora kumara urugo rwawe rukoresha umuriro, moteri zihoraho zoroshye kurusha bateri zisanzwe. Igihe cyose ufite lisansi ihagije, moteri zishobora gukora buri gihe kugeza ku byumweru bitatu (niba bibaye ngombwa).

Ibyo si ko bimeze ku bijyanye no kubika batiri. Reka dukoreshe urugero rwa Tesla Powerwall. Ifite ubushobozi bwo kubika bwa kilowati 13.5, bushobora gutanga ingufu mu masaha make ubwayo. Ushobora kubona ingufu z'inyongera muri zo niba ari igice cya sisitemu y'imirasire y'izuba cyangwa niba ukoresha batiri nyinshi muri sisitemu imwe.

Igihe cy'ubuzima n'ingwate byitezwe
Kenshi na kenshi, bateri zibikwamo garanti ndende kurusha za generateri zihoraho. Ariko, izi garanti zipimwa mu buryo butandukanye.

Uko igihe kigenda gihita, sisitemu zo kubika batiri zitakaza ubushobozi bwo kubika charge, kimwe na telefoni na mudasobwa zigendanwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kubika batiri birimo amanota y’ubushobozi bwa garanti, apima uburyo batiri izabika charge mu mpera z’igihe cyayo cya garanti. Ku ruhande rwa Tesla, ikigo kiremeza ko batiri ya Powerwall igomba kugumana 70% by’ubushobozi bwayo mu mpera z’igihe cyayo cya garanti y’imyaka 10.

Bamwe mu bakora bateri zometseho batanga garanti y’ “uburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu.” Iyi ni umubare w’amasaha, amasaha cyangwa ingufu zisohoka (zizwi nka “uburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu”) ikigo gitanga garanti kuri bateri yacyo.

Ukoresheje generators zihoraho, biroroshye kumenya igihe cyo kubaho. Generators nziza zishobora gukora amasaha 3.000, igihe cyose zifashwe neza. Kubwibyo, niba ukoresha generator yawe amasaha 150 ku mwaka, igomba kumara imyaka 20.

Ni iyihe ikubereye?
Mu byiciro byinshi,gukodesha bateriSisitemu ziraza ku isonga. Muri make, ni nziza ku bidukikije, zoroshye gushyiraho kandi zihendutse kuzikoresha igihe kirekire. Byongeye kandi, zifite garanti ndende kurusha ibyuma bitanga amashanyarazi birinda guhagarara.

Ibyo bivuzwe, moteri zisanzwe zishobora kuba amahitamo meza mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Bitandukanye no gusimbuza bateri, ukeneye moteri imwe gusa kugira ngo igarure amashanyarazi mu gihe habayeho ibura, ibyo bikagabanya ikiguzi cyo gutangira. Byongeye kandi, moteri zihoraho zishobora kumara igihe kirekire kurusha sisitemu zo gusimbuza bateri mu gihe kimwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, zizaba nziza cyane niba umuriro ubuze iminsi myinshi.