Bitewe n'iterambere rigezweho mu ikoranabuhanga, injeniyeri zagombaga gushaka uburyo bwiza bwo gukoresha imbaraga mu guhanga udushya. Roboti zikoresha ikoranabuhanga, amagare y'ikoranabuhanga, scooter, imashini zisukura, n'ibikoresho bya smartscooter byose bikeneye isoko ry'amashanyarazi rikora neza. Nyuma y'imyaka myinshi y'ubushakashatsi n'igerageza n'amakosa, injeniyeri zafashe icyemezo cy'uko ubwoko bumwe bwa sisitemu ya bateri butandukanye n'ubundi: sisitemu yo gucunga bateri ikoresheje ubuhanga (BMS). Bateri isanzwe ya BMS ifite anode ya lithium kandi ifite urwego rw'ubwenge nk'urwa mudasobwa cyangwa robo. Sisitemu ya BMS isubiza ibibazo nk'ibi, "Roboti yamenya gute ko igihe kigeze cyo kongera kwiyubaka?" Igitandukanya module ya BMS ikoresheje ubuhanga ni uko ishobora gusuzuma urwego rw'imbaraga zayo no kuvugana n'ibindi bikoresho bikoresha ubwenge.

BMS ikoresha ubwenge ni iki?

Mbere yo gusobanura BMS igezweho, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa icyo BMS isanzwe ari cyo. Muri make, sisitemu isanzwe yo gucunga bateri ya lithium ifasha kurinda no kugenzura bateri ishobora kongera gusharijwa. Indi nshingano ya BMS ni ukubara amakuru y'inyongera hanyuma ikayatanga nyuma. None se, BMS igezweho itandukaniye he na sisitemu yo gucunga bateri ikora? Sisitemu igezweho ifite ubushobozi bwo kuvugana na charger igezweho hanyuma ikayisubiza charger mu buryo bwikora. Uburyo BMS ikoresha bufasha kongera igihe cyo kubaho kwa bateri no kongera imikorere yayo. Kimwe n'igikoresho gisanzwe, BMS igezweho yishingikiriza cyane kuri sisitemu igezweho kugira ngo ikomeze gukora. Kugira ngo igere ku mikorere myiza, ibice byose bigomba gukorana mu buryo bumwe.

Sisitemu zo gucunga batiri zabanje gukoreshwa (kandi ziracyakoreshwa) muri mudasobwa zigendanwa, kamera za videwo, ibyuma bicurangwa na DVD, n'ibindi bikoresho nk'ibyo byo mu rugo. Nyuma yo gukoresha izi sisitemu cyane, injeniyeri zashatse kugerageza aho zigarukira. Bityo, batangiye gushyira sisitemu za batiri z'amashanyarazi za BMS muri moto zikoresha amashanyarazi, ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi, ndetse na robots.

Ibikoresho by'ibikoresho n'itumanaho

Imbaraga zituma BMS ikora ni ibikoresho bivuguruye. Ibi bikoresho bituma bateri ishobora kuvugana n'ibindi bice bya BMS, nko gushyushya. Byongeye kandi, uwabikoze yongeraho imwe muri soketi z'itumanaho zikurikira: RS232, UART, RS485, CANBus, cyangwa SMBus.

Dore igihe buri soketi z'itumanaho zikoreshwa:

• Paki ya bateri ya Lithiumhamwe na RS232 BMS ikoreshwa kuri UPS muri sitasiyo za telefoni.
• Bateri ya Lithium ifite RS485 BMS ikunze gukoreshwa ku mashanyarazi y'izuba.
• Bateri ya Lithium ifite CANBus BMS ikunze gukoreshwa kuri scooters zikoresha amashanyarazi, no kuri moto zikoresha amashanyarazi.
• Bateri ya Ltihium ifite UART BMS ikoreshwa cyane ku magare akoresha amashanyarazi, kandi

Kandi urebe neza Bateri y'igare ry'amashanyarazi rya Lithium ifite UART BMS

UART BMS isanzwe ifite uburyo bubiri bw'itumanaho:

• Verisiyo: RX, TX, GND
• Verisiyo ya 2: Vcc, RX, TX, GND

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya sisitemu ebyiri n'ibizigize?

Uburyo bwo kugenzura na sisitemu za BMS butuma amakuru yoherezwa binyuze muri TX na RX. TX yohereza amakuru, mu gihe RX yakira amakuru. Ni ngombwa kandi ko lithium ion BMS ifite GND (ubutaka). Itandukaniro riri hagati ya GND muri verisiyo ya mbere n'iya kabiri ni uko muri verisiyo ya kabiri, GND ivugururwa. Verisiyo ya kabiri ni yo mahitamo meza niba uteganya kongeramo optique cyangwa digitale isolator. Kugira ngo wongereho kimwe muri ibyo bibiri, uzakora Vcc, igice kimwe gusa cya sisitemu y'itumanaho ya UART BMS verisiyo ya kabiri.

Kugira ngo tugufashe kwiyumvisha ibice bifatika bya UART BMS hamwe na VCC, RX, TX, GND, twashyizemo ishusho iri hepfo.

Igitandukanya iyi sisitemu yo gucunga bateri ya li-ion n'izindi ni uko ushobora kuyikurikirana mu gihe nyacyo. By'umwihariko, ushobora kubona imiterere y'umuriro (SOC) n'imiterere y'ubuzima (SOH). Ariko, ntuzabona aya makuru urebye bateri gusa. Kugira ngo ukuremo amakuru, ugomba kuyahuza na mudasobwa cyangwa icyuma cyabugenewe.

Dore urugero rwa bateri ya Hailong ifite UART BMS. Nkuko mubibona, sisitemu y'itumanaho itwikiriwe n'icyuma cyo hanze gikingira bateri kugira ngo gikoreshwe neza kandi gikoreshwe neza. Ukoresheje porogaramu yo kugenzura bateri, gusuzuma ibipimo bya bateri mu gihe nyacyo biroroshye cyane. Ushobora gukoresha insinga ya USB2UART kugira ngo uhuze bateri na mudasobwa yawe. Iyo imaze guhuzwa, fungura porogaramu ya BMS yo kugenzura kuri mudasobwa yawe kugira ngo urebe ibintu byihariye. Aha uzabona amakuru y'ingenzi nk'ubushobozi bwa bateri, ubushyuhe, voltage ya selile, n'ibindi.

Hitamo BMS ikwiye kuri terefone yawe

Tanga umubare wabaterin'inganda za BMS, ni ngombwa gushaka abatanga bateri nziza zifite ibikoresho byo kugenzura. Uko umushinga wawe usaba kose, twishimiye kuganira kuri serivisi zacu na bateri dufite. Niba ufite ikibazo kijyanye na sisitemu zo gucunga bateri nziza, ntutindiganye kutwandikira. Tuzaguha sisitemu nziza ya BMS kandi twiteguye kugufasha kubona ijyanye n'ibyo ukeneye.