Nibyiza ko banyiri amazu bamenya byinshi bishoboka kubyerekeranye nizuba mbere yo kwiyemeza kubona imirasire yizuba murugo rwabo.
Kurugero, dore ikibazo gikomeye ushobora kuba wifuza gusubiza mbere yo kwishyiriraho izuba: "Umuyoboro wizuba utanga ingufu zingana iki?"Reka ducukumbure igisubizo.
Nigute Imirasire y'izuba ikora?
Ikigo gishinzwe guverinoma ishinzwe amakuru ku bijyanye n’ingufu muri Amerika (EIA), kivuga ko kwishyiriraho imirasire y'izuba byaturutse kuri gigawatt 2,9 muri 2020 bigera kuri 3,9 gigawatt mu 2021.
Waba uzi uko imirasire y'izuba ikora?Mu magambo make, ingufu z'izuba zirema iyo izuba rirashe kumirasire ya Photovoltaque igizwe na sisitemu yizuba.Izi selile zihindura ingufu zizuba mumashanyarazi mugihe urumuri rwizuba rwinjijwe na selile PV.Ibi bitera amashanyarazi kandi bigatera amashanyarazi gutemba.Umubare w'amashanyarazi yakozwe biterwa nibintu bike, tuzabinjiramo mugice gikurikira.
Imirasire y'izuba itanga isoko y'ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, kugabanya fagitire z'amashanyarazi, ubwishingizi bwo kuzamuka kw'ibiciro by'ingufu, inyungu z’ibidukikije ndetse n'ubwigenge bw'ingufu.
Ingufu zingana ikiImirasire y'izubaTanga umusaruro?
Ingufu zizuba zishobora gutanga ingufu zingahe?Ingano yingufu zitangwa nizuba ryizuba kumunsi, naryo ryitwa "wattage" kandi ripimwa namasaha ya kilowatt, biterwa nibintu byinshi, nkamasaha yumucyo wizuba hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa neza.Imirasire y'izuba myinshi kumazu itanga hafi watts 250 - 400 ariko kumazu manini, irashobora gutanga 750 - 850 kumasaha ya kilowatt buri mwaka.
Abakora imirasire y'izuba bagena ingufu z'izuba kubicuruzwa bishingiye kuri zeru.Ariko mubyukuri, ubwinshi bwingufu zizuba akanama gakora karatandukanye bitewe numuriro wamashanyarazi hamwe numubare wamasaha yizuba aho izuba rikoresha ingufu zizuba murugo ruherereye.Koresha amakuru avuye mubakora nkintangiriro yo kubara urugo rwawe.
Nigute Kubara Watts zingahe A.Imirasire y'izubaUmusaruro
Umuyoboro wizuba utanga angahe?“Watts” bivuga akanama gateganijwe kubyara ingufu zumucyo wizuba, ubushyuhe nibindi bihe.Urashobora kubara uko imirasire y'izuba itanga umusaruro mugwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi akomoka kumirasire y'izuba amasaha yo hejuru yizuba kumunsi:
Kilowatt-amasaha (kWh) = (Amasaha yumucyo wizuba x Watts) / 1.000
Muyandi magambo, reka tuvuge ko ubona amasaha 6 yumucyo wizuba buri munsi.Mugwize ibyo kuri wattage yumwanya wuwabikoze, nka 300 watts.
Kilowatt-amasaha (kWh) = (amasaha 6 x 300 watts) / 1.000
Muri iki gihe, umubare wa kilowatt-amasaha yakozwe yaba 1.8 kWt.Ibikurikira, ubare ibi bikurikira kumubare wa kilowati kumwaka ukoresheje formula ikurikira:
(1.8 kWt / umunsi) x (iminsi 365 / umwaka) = 657 kWt kumwaka
Muri iki kibazo, imirasire yizuba yiyi panel yabyara 657 kWh kumwaka mumashanyarazi.
Ni izihe ngaruka zingana ingufu zingana nizuba zitanga izuba?
Nkuko twabivuze, ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kumusaruro wizuba ryizuba, harimo ingano yizuba, amasaha yumucyo wizuba, imikorere yizuba hamwe nimbogamizi zumubiri:
- Ingano yizuba: Ingano yizuba irashobora kugira ingaruka kumirasire yizuba ikorwa nizuba.Umubare w'ingirabuzimafatizo z'izuba imbere mu kibaho urashobora kugira ingaruka ku mbaraga zitanga.Imirasire y'izuba isanzwe ifite selile 60 cyangwa 72 - mubihe byinshi, selile 72 zitanga amashanyarazi menshi.
- Amasaha yizuba yumunsi: Amasaha yumucyo wizuba ningirakamaro mukubyara ingufu zizuba kuko bigufasha kumenya amasaha yumucyo mwinshi wizuba ubona kandi birashobora kugufasha kumenya umubare wamashanyarazi imirasire yizuba ishobora gutanga.
- Imirasire y'izuba ikora neza: Imirasire y'izuba ikora neza cyane itanga ingufu zituruka ku mirasire y'izuba kuko ipima ingano y'ingufu zituruka mu gace runaka.Kurugero, "monocrystalline" na "polycrystalline" nubwoko bubiri butandukanye bwizuba - ingirabuzimafatizo zuba zikoresha monocrystalline zikoresha silicone imwe rukumbi, ni ibintu byoroshye kandi byiza.Zitanga imikorere myiza kuko electron zitanga amashanyarazi zirashobora kugenda.Imirasire y'izuba ya polycrystalline mubusanzwe ifite imikorere mike ugereranije na monocrystalline izuba kandi ntabwo bihenze.Ababikora bashonga kristu ya silicon hamwe, bivuze ko electron zigenda nke mubuntu.Ingirabuzimafatizo ya Monocrystalline ifite igipimo cyiza cya 15% - 20% naho selile polycrystalline ifite igipimo cya 13% - 16%.
- Kubura inzitizi z'umubiri: Nimbaraga zingahe ushobora kubyara niba ufite ibiti byinshi hejuru yinzu yawe cyangwa izindi nzitizi?Mubisanzwe, igisubizo cy "ingufu zingahe zishobora kubyara ingufu?"Bizaterwa nubunini bwizuba rishobora kunyura mumirasire yizuba.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-24-2022